{"id":1450,"date":"2010-05-06T00:51:32","date_gmt":"2010-05-06T04:51:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/?p=1450"},"modified":"2010-05-06T00:52:41","modified_gmt":"2010-05-06T04:52:41","slug":"imam-ebu-hanife","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/2010\/05\/imam-ebu-hanife\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130MAM EBU HAN\u0130FE"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"hanife\"Do\u011fumu :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife, K\u00fbfe’de hicr\u00ee 80 y\u0131l\u0131nda do\u011fdu.<\/p>\n

E\u011fitimi :<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m’in h\u00e2kim oldu\u011fu bir ortamda yeti\u015fen Num\u00e2n b. S\u00e2bit k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yasta Kur’\u00e2n-i Ker\u00eem’i h\u0131fzetti.<\/p>\n

Hocasi Hamm\u00e2d b. Eb\u00ee S\u00fcleyman, Ibrahim en-Neha\u00ee ve Sa’b\u00ee gibi iki b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e2limden f\u0131k\u0131h okudu.<\/p>\n

Num\u00e2n, babas\u0131yla on alt\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131nda hacca gitti\u011finde ortada t\u00e2bi\u00eenden At\u00e2 b. Eb\u00ee Reb\u00e2h, Abdullah Ibn \u00d6mer ile tan\u0131\u015farak onlardan hadis dinledi\u011fi, riv\u00e2yet edilir.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife, Sa’b\u00ee’nin kendisini ilme te\u015fvikini s\u00f6yle anlatmaktad\u0131r: “G\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde Sa’b\u00ee’nin yan\u0131ndan ge\u00e7iyordum. Beni \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131 ve bana, ‘Nereye devam ediyorsun?’ dedi. Ben de, ‘\u00c7ars\u0131 pazara’ dedim. O, ‘Maksad\u0131m o de\u011fil, ulem\u00e2dan kimin dersine devam ediyorsun?’ dedi. Ben, ‘Hi\u00e7birinin’ diye cevap verince Sa’b\u00ee, ‘\u0130lmi ve ulem\u00e2 ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeyi sak\u0131n ihmal etme. Ben senin uyan\u0131k ve aktif bir gen\u00e7 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum’ dedi.<\/p>\n

Onun bu s\u00f6z\u00fc benim i\u00e7imde iyi bir etki yapt\u0131. Ticareti b\u0131rakt\u0131m, ilim yolunu tuttum. Allah’\u0131n in\u00e2yetiyle Sa’b\u00ee’nin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn bana \u00e7ok faydas\u0131 oldu.” Kendisinin de belirtti\u011fi gibi Sa’b\u00ee’nin bu tavsiyesi onun i\u00e7in bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Bundan b\u00f6yle ticaret i\u015fini orta\u011f\u0131 Hafs b. Abdurrahman’a devredecek, ara-s\u0131ra d\u00fckk\u00e2n\u0131na u\u011frayacak, as\u0131l i\u015fi ilim meclislerine devam etmek olacakt\u0131r. O zaman Numan hen\u00fcz yirmi iki ya\u015f\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[Biz \u00e7ocuklar\u0131m\u0131za ne tavsiye ediyoruz veya dersine g\u00f6nderebilece\u011fimiz ilim ehli kald\u0131 m\u0131?]<\/p>\n

O iyi bir esnaft\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife \u0130limle u\u011fra\u015f\u0131rken ticareti de b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle b\u0131rakmad\u0131. Bu, onun hel\u00e2l r\u0131z\u0131k kazanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi, ticar\u00ee kazanc\u0131n\u0131 ve talebelerinin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131n\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ilim meclisi kurmas\u0131n\u0131 da sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Y\u00fbsuf’un paras\u0131n\u0131n bitti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemesine ihtiya\u00e7 b\u0131rakmadan o Eb\u00fb Yusuf’u mur\u00e2kabe eder, yard\u0131mda bulunurdu.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcc\u00fc yetmeyen talebelerinin de evlenmesini sa\u011flard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bir \u00e7oklar\u0131 ticarette Eb\u00fb Hanife’yi Eb\u00fb Bekir’e benzetirdi; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc o bir mal\u0131 sat\u0131n al\u0131rken, satt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanki gibi em\u00e2net k\u00e2idesine uyar, k\u00f6t\u00fc mal\u0131 \u00fcste, iyisini alta koyard\u0131, muhta\u00e7 sat\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 s\u00f6m\u00fcrmezdi.<\/p>\n

Bir defas\u0131nda bir kad\u0131n, satmak \u00fczere ona bir ipek elbise getirdi. O, fiyat\u0131n\u0131 sordu. Kad\u0131n y\u00fcz dirhem istedi. Eb\u00fb Hanife, de\u011ferinin y\u00fcz dirhemden fazla etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Kad\u0131n y\u00fczer y\u00fczer art\u0131rarak d\u00f6rt y\u00fcze \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Eb\u00fb Hanife, daha fazla edece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyince kad\u0131n, “Benimle e\u011fleniyor musun?” demi\u015fti. Eb\u00fb Hanife de, “Ne m\u00fcnasebet, bir adam getirin de fiyat takdir ettirelim” dedi. Adam \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131 ve fiyat\u0131 takdir etti: Ebu Hanife o mal\u0131 bes y\u00fcz dirheme sat\u0131n ald\u0131. Bu olay o zamandan beri halk aras\u0131nda g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar anlat\u0131larak, ticarette d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011fe d\u00e2ir bir darb-i mesel haline gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

O iyi bir \u00f6\u011freticiydi:<\/strong>
\nEb\u00fb Hanife’nin binlerce talebesi olmu\u015f, bunlar\u0131n k\u0131rk kadar\u0131 m\u00fc\u00e7tehid mertebesine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife’nin f\u0131k\u0131h okulu, talebelerine verdi\u011fi dersler ile ondan fetv\u00e2 istemeye gelen halk i\u00e7in verdi\u011fi fetv\u00e2lardan meydana gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Ders verme us\u00fbl\u00fc eski filozoflar\u0131n diyalektik akademi derslerini and\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bir mesele ortaya at\u0131l\u0131r; bu, talebeleri taraf\u0131ndan tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve herkes g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yler; en son olarak \u0130mam, delil ve istinbat ile bir karara ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve karar\u0131 delillerden ay\u0131rarak veciz c\u00fcmleler halinde yazd\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131. Bu s\u00f6zleri en yakin m\u00fcctehid talebeleri taraf\u0131ndan sonradan mezhebin f\u0131k\u0131h kaideleri haline getirilirdi. Onun ilim meclisi bir isti\u015f\u00e2re, bir diyalog merkezi, bir h\u00fcr d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce okulu idi.<\/p>\n

O iyi bir fakihti:<\/strong><\/p>\n

F\u0131kh\u0131 sistematik hale getirip b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyev\u00ee meselelerin leh ve aleyhteki bi\u00e7imlerini ortaya koyarak ve sa\u011flam bir ak\u00eede esas\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak doktrinini meydana getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife, meseleleri olmu\u015f gibi farz ederek takd\u00eer\u00ee f\u0131k\u0131h h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ortaya koymu\u015f, \u00f6rf\u00fc ve istihsani s\u0131k s\u0131k kullanm\u0131\u015f, tic\u00e2r\u00ee akidlerdeki ictihadlar\u0131nda ilk defa ortaya h\u00fck\u00fcmler \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bilgiyi yordama g\u00fcc\u00fc ve ileri g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sayesinde \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndan sonra olu\u015facak pek \u00e7ok olay\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in ilim ehline yol g\u00f6sterici olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

O halk adam\u0131yd\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife’nin halk\u0131n sevgi ve sayg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kazanmas\u0131nda; fetv\u00e2lar\u0131n\u0131n her yerde hakl\u0131 olarak tutulmas\u0131nda; ilmi, ihtilaflardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131p halka selefin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bilgi aktarmas\u0131, fitnelere bula\u015fmamas\u0131 ve takvas\u0131 etkili olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

O eylem adam\u0131yd\u0131, her zaman hakk\u0131n ve adaletin yan\u0131nda oldu:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130mam, takv\u00e2s\u0131, fir\u00e2seti, ilm\u00ee d\u00fcr\u00fcstl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini iktidara kar\u015f\u0131 kullanmas\u0131 ile halk\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck sevgisini kazand\u0131. Emevi ve Abb\u00e2si y\u00f6netimi ile hi\u00e7bir zaman uyu\u015fmad\u0131, uzla\u015fmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife alenen halk\u0131 ehl-i beyt’e yard\u0131ma \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hapsedildi ve her g\u00fcn k\u0131rba\u00e7lat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

O iyi bir liderdi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Allah’tan ba\u015fka hi\u00e7 bir otoriteye boyun e\u011fmeden hakk bildi\u011fi yolda adalet ehline \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

O tam anlam\u0131yla bir imamd\u0131 \/ halifeydi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Eb\u00fb Hanife yetmi\u015f y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc fetv\u00e2 vermek, ders halkas\u0131nda talebe yeti\u015ftirmek, ilm\u00ee seyahatlerde bulunmak ve ibadet etmekle ge\u00e7iren, \u0130sl\u00e2m \u00e2leminin yeti\u015ftirdi\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck m\u00fcctehidlerden biridir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131saca \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc Allah’a adam\u0131\u015f ve Y\u00fcce Yarat\u0131c\u0131’n\u0131n istedi\u011fi istikamette ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kaynak:<\/strong><\/p>\n

1- Muhammed Eb\u00fb Zehra, Eb\u00fb Hanife, \u00c7ev.: Osman Keskioglu. Ankara 2002, Diyanet \u0130. B. Yay\u0131nlar\u0131.<\/p>\n

2- http:\/\/www.enfal.de\/i-azam.htm<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[50,46,80],"tags":[27],"class_list":["post-1450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-egitim","category-kuran-i_kerim-ve-hadisler","category-imam-ebu-hanife","tag-kainat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1450"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1450\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1454,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1450\/revisions\/1454"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kainatamektup.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}